Objective To analyze and study the implication of dynamic changes in plasma CD62 Pamong patients with obstructive jaundice and cholecystolithiasis. Methods A total of 58 patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis and jaundice were included in the obstructive jaundice group, and 50 patients were in the cholecystolithiasis group. Peripheral venous blood was collected on preoperative day 3, on operative day, and on postoperative days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 in two groups, and the concentrations of plasma CD62 Pwere measured by ELISA. Comparison of continuous data between the two groups was made by t test. Results The concentrations of plasma CD62 Pfrom preoperative day 3 to postoperative day 18 were significantly higher in the obstructive jaundice group than in the cholecystolithiasis group ( P <0. 01 across all time points) . In the cholecystolithiasis group, the concentrations of plasma CD62 Psignificantly increased on operative day, and the increase continued and reached the peak on postoperative day 3, then followed by a decrease down to the preoperative level on postoperative day 9. In the obstructive jaundice group, the concentrations of plasma CD62 Preached the peak on postoperative day 9, followed by a gradual decrease down to the preoperative level on postoperative day 18 and to an even lower level (preoperative level of patients with cholecystolithiasis) on postoperative day 21. Conclusion Extrahepatic biliary obstruction may lead to endothelial cell injury and platelet activation, the condition of which is improved with the relief of obstruction. The surgery for obstructive jaundice may lead to much more endothelial cell injury and higher platelet activation than that for cholecystolithiasis.