极化骨髓巨噬细胞移植对CCl<sub>4</sub>诱导的肝纤维化大鼠模型的影响

简迅; 王丹阳; 许燕楠; 陈佳美; 刘伟; 陈高峰; 张华; 刘平; 慕永平

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.12.020

极化骨髓巨噬细胞移植对CCl₄诱导的肝纤维化大鼠模型的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.12.020

上海中医药大学附属曙光医院，上海中医药大学肝病研究所，肝肾疾病病证教育部重点实验室，上海市中医临床重点实验室，上海 201203

基金项目:

国家自然基金面上项目 (81573948);

国家自然基金面上项目 (81874390)

详细信息

通信作者:
慕永平，ypmu8888@126.com

简迅、王丹阳对本文贡献相同，同为第一作者。

中图分类号: R575.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-22
- 录用日期: 2021-07-28
- 出版日期: 2021-12-20

Effect of polarized bone marrow-derived macrophage transplantation on the progression of CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats

Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China

Research funding:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (81573948);

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (81874390)

摘要

摘要: 目的观察极化骨髓巨噬细胞(BMDM)移植对CCl₄诱导实验大鼠模型肝纤维化进展的影响。方法分离大鼠BMDM，分别使用脂多糖(5 ng/mL)诱导其分化为M1(M1-BMDM)表型，L929细胞上清诱导其分化为M2(M2-BMDM)表型。以30% CCl₄皮下注射6周建立大鼠肝纤维化模型，于第7周开始模型大鼠随机分为模型对照组(M)、M1-BMDM组和M2-BMDM组，分别予以生理盐水、M1-BMDM、M2-BMDM经尾静脉一次性注射，并以30% CCl₄持续造模至第9周末。观察肝功能、肝组织病理、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量、肝星状细胞活化、肝纤维化及炎症相关细胞因子表达水平等。计量资料采用x±s表示，多组间比较采用方差分析，进一步两两比较采用SNK-q检验。结果与M组相比，M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM均可明显抑制肝脏炎症反应和肝纤维化进展，显著降低血清ALT、AST活性(P值均＜0.01)，显著降低肝组织Hyp含量(P值均＜0.05)。M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM可显著抑制肝星状细胞活化，显著降低肝纤维化相关因子TGFβ、Col1a1、Col4 mRNA表达水平(P值均＜0.05)。M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM均可显著提高肝组织CD163蛋白表达水平(P值均＜0.01)，且M2-BMDM组显著高于M1-BMDM组(P＜0.05);两者均可显著降低肝组织MMP-2和TIMP-1 mRNA表达水平(P值均＜0.05)，显著提高MMP-13 mRNA表达水平(P值均＜0.01);且M2-BMDM可显著降低肝组织CD68蛋白表达水平(P＜0.01)。M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM均可显著提高肝组织IL-6和IL-10 mRNA以及白蛋白表达水平(P值均＜0.05)，且M2-BMDM组以上指标均显著高于M1-BMDM组(P值均＜0.05)。结论 M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM均可有效抑制CCl₄诱导大鼠肝纤维化进展，其共同机制可能与抑制肝星状细胞活化、促进抗炎巨噬细胞活化有关; 且M2-BMDM还可抑制促炎巨噬细胞活化，综合干预效应优于M1-BMDM。
- 肝硬化 /
- 肝星状细胞 /
- 巨噬细胞
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of polarized bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) transplantation on the progression of CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Methods Rat BMDMs were isolated and induced to differentiate into M1 phenotype (M1-BMDM) by lipopolysaccharide (5 ng/mL) or M2 phenotype (M2-BMDM) by the supernatant of L929 cells. A rat model of liver fibrosis was established by subcutaneous injection of 30% CCl₄ for 6 weeks, and at week 7, the model rats were randomly divided into model control group (M group), M1-BMDM group, and M2-BMDM group and were given a single injection of normal saline, M1-BMDM, and M2-BMDM, respectively, via the caudal vein, and subcutaneous injection of 30% CCl₄ was given until the end of week 9. Related indices were observed, including liver function, liver histopathology, hydroxyproline (Hyp) content in liver tissue, hepatic stellate cell activation, liver fibrosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokines. The continuous data were expressed as mean±standard deviation; an analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the SNK-q test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the M group, both M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM significantly inhibited liver inflammation and liver fibrosis progression and significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities (P < 0.01) and Hyp content in liver tissue (P < 0.05). M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM significantly inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells and significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β, Col1A1, and Col4 (all P < 0.05). Both M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM significantly increased the expression level of CD163 protein in liver tissue (P < 0.01), and the M2-BMDM group had a significantly higher level than the M1-BMDM group (P < 0.05); both M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in liver tissue (P < 0.05) and significantly increased the mRNA expression level of MMP-13 (P < 0.01); in addition, M2-BMDM significantly reduced the expression level of CD68 protein in liver tissue (P < 0.01). Both M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and IL-10 and the protein expression level of albumin in liver tissue (all P < 0.05), and the above indices in the M2-BMDM group were significantly higher than those in the M1-BMDM group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Both M1-BMDM and M2-BMDM can effectively inhibit the progression of CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats, possibly by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells and promoting the activation of anti-inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, M2-BMDM can also inhibit the activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages and thus has a better comprehensive intervention effect than M1-BMDM.
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Hepatic Stellate Cells /
- Macrophages

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图 1 M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM鉴定

注：a，M1-BMDM CD11b/c免疫荧光染色(×600);b，M1-BMDM CD68免疫荧光染色(×600);c，M2-BMDM CD206免疫荧光染色(×600); d，M2-BMDM CD163免疫荧光染色(×600); e，M1-BMDM细胞流式细胞鉴定; f，M2-BMDM细胞流式细胞鉴定, 在进行FACS检验的样本细胞中, 93.1%是单一且唯一的细胞群, 这群细胞中CD206⁺细胞占比为98.9%, CD68⁺细胞占比为10.8%; g，N组、M1-BMDM组和M2-BMDMCD206组CD68 mRNA的表达水平(n=3)，* *P＜0.01。

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图 2 M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM可显著抑制肝脏炎症反应和肝纤维化进展

注：a，HE染色(×100); b，天狼猩红胶原染色(×100); c，血清ALT、AST活性(n=6); d，肝组织Hyp含量(n=6); e，天狼猩红胶原染色半定量分析(n=6)。* P＜0.05, * *P＜0.01。

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图 3 M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM可显著抑制HSC活化

注：a，αSMA免疫染色(×100);b，αSMA免疫印迹(n=6);c，αSMA免疫印迹灰度积分比值; d，αSMA、TGFβ1、Col1a1、Col4 mRNA表达水平(n=6)。* P＜0.05, * *P＜0.01。

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图 4 M1-BMDM和M2-BMDM对肝脏巨噬细胞活化、胶原酶及炎症因子表达的影响

注：a，CD68免疫染色(×200); b，CD163免疫染色(×200); c，CD206免疫染色(×200);d，CD68、CD163免疫印迹(n=6); e，CD68、CD163免疫印迹灰度积分比值; f，MMP-2/-9/-13、TIPM-1 mRNA表达水平(n=6);g，IL-4/-6/-10、TNFα mRNA表达水平(n=6);h，Alb免疫印迹(n=6);i，Alb免疫印迹灰度积分比值。* P＜0.05, * *P＜0.01。

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