肝硬化患者非肿瘤性门静脉血栓形成的相关危险因素分析
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.09.014
Risk factors for non-neoplastic portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis
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摘要:
目的 探讨肝硬化患者非肿瘤性门静脉血栓(PVT)形成的相关危险因素,筛选早期预测因子。 方法 纳入2021年7月1日—2022年6月30日于兰州大学第二医院肝病科住院治疗的肝硬化非肿瘤性PVT患者50例作为PVT组,随机抽取同期肝硬化无PVT患者100例作为对照组,收集相关临床资料。正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验;非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。应用多因素Logistic回归模型分析肝硬化发生PVT的影响因素。通过受试者工作特征曲线分析影响因素对PVT的预测效能。 结果 单因素分析结果显示,两组患者蛋白C、蛋白S、凝血酶原时间、国际标准化比值、纤维蛋白原、白细胞、血小板、生化指标等差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);脾脏切除史、食管胃底静脉曲张内镜下治疗史、肝性脑病史、服用非选择性β受体阻滞剂(NSBB)以及D-二聚体(D-dimer)、血红蛋白和甘油三酯水平差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,D-dimer水平(OR=1.120,95%CI:1.006~1.246,P=0.038)、脾脏切除史(OR=9.320,95%CI:2.928~29.665,P<0.001)、肝性脑病史(OR=16.813,95%CI:1.808~156.336,P=0.013)和服用NSBB(OR=3.203,95%CI:1.020~10.051,P=0.046)是PVT形成的独立危险因素。 结论 D-dimer水平升高、脾脏切除史、肝性脑病史、服用NSBB是肝硬化患者非肿瘤性PVT形成的预测因子。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the risk factors for non-neoplastic portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis and related early predictive factors. Methods A total of 50 cirrhotic patients with non-neoplastic PVT who were hospitalized and treated in Department of Hepatology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 were enrolled as PVT group, and 100 cirrhotic patients without PVT who were treated during the same period of time were randomly selected as control group. Related clinical data were collected. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A multivariate Logistic regression model analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors for PVT in liver cirrhosis, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance of influencing factors. Results The univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in the indicators such as protein C, protein S, prothrombin time, international standardized ratio, fibrinogen, white blood cell count, platelet count, and biochemical parameters (all P>0.05), while there were significant differences between the two groups in history of splenectomy, history of endoscopic treatment of esophageal and gastric varices, history of hepatic encephalopathy, administration of non-selective β-blocker (NSBB), D-dimer, hemoglobin, and triglyceride (all P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that D-dimer (odds ratio [OR]=1.120, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006-1.246, P=0.038), history of splenectomy (OR=9.320, 95% CI: 2.928-29.665, P<0.001), history of hepatic encephalopathy (OR=16.813, 95% CI: 1.808-156.336, P=0.013), and administration of NSBB (OR=3.203, 95% CI: 1.020-10.051, P=0.046) were independent risk factors for PVT. Conclusion Elevated D-dimer, history of splenectomy, history of hepatic encephalopathy, and administration of NSBB are predictive factors for non-neoplastic PVT in patients with liver cirrhosis. -
Key words:
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Venous Thrombosis /
- Risk Factors
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表 1 PVT组与对照组患者的一般资料比较
Table 1. Comparison of general data between PVT group and control group
项目 PVT组(n=50) 对照组(n=100) 统计值 P值 男(例) 23 57 χ2=1.621 0.203 年龄(岁) 52.0(48.0~58.0) 53.5(48.0~63.0) Z=-1.101 0.271 肝硬化病因(例) χ2=11.200 0.191 HBV 31 57 HCV 4 3 自身免疫性肝病 7 19 其他 8 21 Child-Pugh分级(例) χ2=1.513 0.469 A级 15 30 B级 26 59 C级 9 11 MELD评分>15分(例) 8 19 χ2=0.203 0.652 表 2 PVT组与对照组患者单因素分析结果
Table 2. Univariate analysis of PVT group and control group
项目 PVT组(n=50) 对照组(n=100) 统计值 P值 脾脏切除史(例) 15 5 χ2=18.029 <0.001 食管胃底静脉曲张出血史(例) 11 11 χ2=3.223 0.073 食管胃底静脉曲张内镜下治疗史(例) 8 5 χ2=5.095 0.024 肝性脑病史(例) 7 1 χ2=11.158 0.001 腹水史(例) 34 59 χ2=1.146 0.284 自发性腹膜炎(例) 13 24 χ2=0.072 0.789 使用NSBB(例) 15 12 χ2=7.317 0.007 蛋白C(%) 46.00(32.00~65.75) 53.00(38.00~71.00) Z=-0.891 0.373 蛋白S(%) 60.20(48.40~83.98) 60.50(47.63~80.65) Z=-0.223 0.823 PT(s) 14.05(12.50~16.00) 13.25(12.34~15.30) Z=-0.776 0.438 INR 1.30(1.14~1.47) 1.22(1.14~1.43) Z=-0.492 0.622 FIB(g/L) 2.07(1.77~2.80) 2.14(1.76~2.56) Z=-0.040 0.968 D-dimer(μg/mL) 1.61(0.86~5.63) 0.80(0.40~1.76) Z=-4.401 <0.001 WBC(×109/L) 3.33(2.23~4.90) 3.12(2.09~4.61) Z=-0.235 0.814 HGB(g/L) 111(84~132) 126(105~147) Z=-2.494 0.013 PLT(×109/L) 64.50(50.00~172.00) 66.50(48.50~94.00) Z=-0.722 0.471 TBil(μmol/L) 27.00(19.40~39.10) 28.10(18.25~39.40) Z=-0.010 0.992 ALT(U/L) 23.00(14.00~35.00) 28.00(16.00~43.00) Z=-1.398 0.162 AST(U/L) 44.00(33.00~56.00) 42.00(27.50~50.50) Z=-1.095 0.274 GGT(U/L) 35.00(26.00~49.00) 38.50(26.50~86.50) Z=-1.346 0.178 ALP(U/L) 112.50(81.00~173.00) 116.00(88.00~161.00) Z=-0.237 0.812 ChE(U/mL) 3.71(2.74~5.17) 4.36(3.17~5.76) Z=-1.555 0.120 TP(g/L) 66.34±11.36 67.11±8.54 t=-0.461 0.646 Alb(g/L) 33.03±6.03 34.25±5.96 t=-1.173 0.243 TC(mmol/L) 3.04(2.15~3.73) 3.16(2.43~3.75) Z=-1.049 0.294 TG(mmol/L) 0.66(0.53~0.90) 0.85(0.66~1.06) Z=-3.046 0.002 LDL(mmol/L) 1.69(1.20~2.46) 1.83(1.38~2.27) Z=-0.937 0.349 HDL(mmol/L) 1.02(0.77~1.23) 1.01(0.71~1.26) Z=-0.006 0.995 BUN(mmol/L) 5.40(4.50~6.60) 5.55(4.65~6.64) Z=-0.217 0.828 Cr(μmol/L) 59.90(52.80~69.70) 61.95(53.00~72.60) Z=-0.750 0.454 表 3 Logistic回归分析肝硬化并发PVT形成的影响因素
Table 3. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of risk factors of liver cirrhosis complicated with PVT
因素 B值 Wald值 P值 OR 95%CI D-dimer 0.113 4.301 0.038 1.120 1.006~1.246 脾脏切除史 2.232 14.279 <0.001 9.320 2.928~29.665 肝性脑病史 2.822 6.153 0.013 16.813 1.808~156.336 服用NSBB 1.164 3.978 0.046 3.203 1.020~10.051 -
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