戊型肝炎病毒感染相关的血液系统疾病

李敏; 夏傅文; 刘建昆

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.11.024

戊型肝炎病毒感染相关的血液系统疾病

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.11.024

李敏^{1, 2},
夏傅文^{1, 2},
刘建昆^2, , ,

1.
大理大学临床医学院，云南大理 671000
2.
中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二〇医院，昆明 650100

基金项目:

‍联勤保障部队第九二〇医院应用基础研究计划成长项目 (2019YGB20)

利益冲突声明：本文不存在任何利益冲突。

作者贡献声明：‍李敏负责搜索资料，撰写论文；夏傅文参与修改论文；刘建昆负责拟定写作思路，指导撰写文章。

详细信息

通信作者:
‍刘建昆， 1057318993@qq.com （ORCID： 0000-0001-9975-2373）

计量
- 文章访问数: 204
- HTML全文浏览量: 49
- PDF下载量: 24
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-01
- 录用日期: 2023-10-07
- 出版日期: 2023-11-28

Haematological diseases associated with Hepatitis E virus infection

Min LI^{1, 2},
Fuwen XIA^{1, 2},
Jiankun LIU^{2
, ,
,}

1.
College of Clinical Medicine，Dali University，Dali，Yunnan 671000，China
2.
The 920^th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force，Kunming 650100，China

Research funding:

‍Growth Project of Applied Basic Research Plan of the 920^th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force (2019YGB20)

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Jiankun， 1057318993@qq.com （ORCID： 0000-0001-9975-2373）

摘要

摘要: 戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染可引起急性、暴发性及慢性肝炎，是一个影响全世界的卫生问题。一般人群感染HEV后无明显症状，或症状较轻，多为自限性，临床诊断中很容易被忽略。在既往的报道中，已经发现HEV感染可引起多个系统功能障碍。特别是在血液系统方面，常导致一系列的不良结局，如果能对这些戊型肝炎相关疾病做到全面评估、早期诊断和早期干预，将极大地减轻个人及社会的医疗负担。本文将结合既往报道，对戊型肝炎病毒感染相关的血液系统疾病作一综述。
- ‍戊型肝炎病毒 /
- 戊型肝炎 /
- 血液病
Abstract: Hepatitis E virus （HEV） infection can cause acute， fulminant， and chronic hepatitis and is thus a worldwide health problem. The general population has no obvious symptoms or only mild symptoms after HEV infection， and most symptoms are self-limited and are easily ignored in clinical diagnosis. Previous reports have shown that HEV infection can cause dysfunction in multiple systems， especially the blood system， in which it often leads to a series of adverse outcomes. Comprehensive evaluation， early diagnosis， and early intervention of these HEV-related diseases will greatly reduce the medical burden of individuals and society. With reference to the previous reports， this article reviews the blood system diseases associated with HEV infection.
- ‍Hepatitis E virus /
- Hepatitis E /
- Hematologic Diseases

HTML全文

参考文献(78)

[1]	LU F, LIU QN, WANG SM, et al. Study on clinical characteristics of hepatitis E[J]. Chin Hepatol, 2020, 25( 7): 762- 764. DOI: 10.14000/j.cnki.issn.1008-1704.2020.07.032. 卢锋, 刘倩楠, 王寿明, 等. 戊型肝炎临床特征研究[J]. 肝脏, 2020, 25( 7): 762- 764. DOI: 10.14000/j.cnki.issn.1008-1704.2020.07.032.
[2]	WHO. Hepatitis E[EB/OL].( 2023-07-20)[ 2023-09-14]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-e. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-e
[3]	Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE), Chinese Physician Association for Infectious Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases. Expert consensus on the process of in-hospital screening and management of viral hepatitis E in China(2023)[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2023, 39( 4): 785- 794. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.04.008. 中国戊型肝炎研究协助组(CCSHE), 中国医师协会感染科医师分会, 国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心. 中国戊型病毒性肝炎院内筛查管理流程专家共识(2023年版)[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2023, 39( 4): 785- 794. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.04.008.
[4]	National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. The epidemic situation of statutory reporting infectious diseases in 2021[EB/OL].( 2022-04-22)[ 2023-09-11]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202204/4fd88a291d914abf8f7a91f6333567e1.Shtml. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202204/4fd88a291d914abf8f7a91f6333567e1.Shtml 国家卫生健康委员会. 2021年全国法定传染病疫情概况[EB/OL].( 2022-04-22)[ 2023-09-11]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202204/4fd88a291d914abf8f7a91f6333567e1.Shtml. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s3578/202204/4fd88a291d914abf8f7a91f6333567e1.Shtml
[5]	BALAYAN MS, ANDJAPARIDZE AG, SAVINSKAYA SS, et al. Evidence for a virus in non-A, non-B hepatitis transmitted via the fecal-oral route[J]. Intervirology, 1983, 20( 1): 23- 31. DOI: 10.1159/000149370.
[6]	LEE GH, TAN BH, TEO ECY, et al. Chronic infection with camelid hepatitis E virus in a liver transplant recipient who regularly consumes camel meat and milk[J]. Gastroenterology, 2016, 150( 2): 355- 357.e3. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.10.048.
[7]	SU YL, LI SZ, WANG SX, et al. Review on detection technology of hepatitis E virus[J]. Port Heath Contr, 2017, 22( 4): 12- 14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-5777.2017.04.005. 苏艳丽, 李世忠, 王树祥, 等. 戊型肝炎病毒检测技术研究进展[J]. 口岸卫生控制, 2017, 22( 4): 12- 14. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-5777.2017.04.005.
[8]	PÉREZ-GRACIA MT, SUAY-GARCÍA B, MATEOS-LINDEMANN ML. Hepatitis E and pregnancy: Current state[J]. Rev Med Virol, 2017, 27( 3): e1929. DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1929.
[9]	SUN YF. Clinical characteristics and treatment experience of elderly patients with hepatitis E[J]. Chin Med J Metall Ind, 2017, 34( 1): 87. DOI: 10.13586/j.cnki.yjyx1984.2017.01.078. 孙彦芳. 老年戊型肝炎患者的临床特点及治疗经验[J]. 中国冶金工业医学杂志, 2017, 34( 1): 87. DOI: 10.13586/j.cnki.yjyx1984.2017.01.078.
[10]	CHEN C, ZHANG SY, ZHANG DD, et al. Clinical features of acute hepatitis E super-infections on chronic hepatitis B[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22( 47): 10388- 10397. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i47.10388.
[11]	JHA AK, KUMAR G, DAYAL VM, et al. Neurological manifestations of hepatitis E virus infection: An overview[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2021, 27( 18): 2090- 2104. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i18.2090.
[12]	DALTON HR, KAMAR N, VAN EIJK JJJ, et al. Hepatitis E virus and neurological injury[J]. Nat Rev Neurol, 2016, 12( 2): 77- 85. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.234.
[13]	LHOMME S, ABRAVANEL F, CINTAS P, et al. Hepatitis E virus infection: Neurological manifestations and pathophysiology[J]. Pathogens, 2021, 10( 12): 1582. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121582.
[14]	TOMAR LR, AGGARWAL A, JAIN P, et al. Acute viral hepatitis E presenting with haemolytic anaemia and acute renal failure in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. Trop Doct, 2015, 45( 4): 245- 246. DOI: 10.1177/0049475514559959.
[15]	JAIN AK, SIRCAR S, JAIN M, et al. Increased morbidity in acute viral hepatitis with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. Indian J Gastroenterol, 2013, 32( 2): 133- 134. DOI: 10.1007/s12664-012-0226-9.
[16]	WALLACE SJ, SWANN R, DONNELLY M, et al. Mortality and morbidity of locally acquired hepatitis E in the national Scottish cohort: A multicentre retrospective study[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2020, 51( 10): 974- 986. DOI: 10.1111/apt.15704.
[17]	BREHM TT, MAZAHERI O, HORVATITS T, et al. Lower levels of transaminases but higher levels of serum creatinine in patients with acute hepatitis E in comparison to patients with hepatitis A[J]. Pathogens, 2021, 10( 1): 60. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010060.
[18]	BAZERBACHI F, LEISE MD, WATT KD, et al. Systematic review of mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis E virus infection: Association or causation?[J]. Gastroenterol Rep, 2017, 5( 3): 178- 184. DOI: 10.1093/gastro/gox021.
[19]	PISCHKE S, POLYWKA S, HAAG F, et al. Association of hepatitis E virus and essential cryoglobulinemia?[J]. J Clin Virol, 2015, 67: 23- 24. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.03.020.
[20]	HUANG F, LONG FY, YU WH, et al. High prevalence of hepatitis E virus in semen of infertile male and causes testis damage[J]. Gut, 2018, 67( 6): 1199- 1201. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314884.
[21]	HAFFAR S, BAZERBACHI F, GARG S, et al. Frequency and prognosis of acute pancreatitis associated with acute hepatitis E: A systematic review[J]. Pancreatology, 2015, 15( 4): 321- 326. DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2015.05.460.
[22]	PANIC N, MIHAJLOVIC S, VUJASINOVIC M, et al. Pancreatitis associated with viral hepatitis: Systematic review[J]. J Clin Med, 2020, 9( 10): E3309. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103309.
[23]	SERRATRICE J, DISDIER P, COLSON P, et al. Acute polyarthritis revealing hepatitis E[J]. Clin Rheumatol, 2007, 26( 11): 1973- 1975. DOI: 10.1007/s10067-007-0595-0.
[24]	DUMOULIN FL, LIESE HN. Acute hepatitis E virus infection and autoimmune thyroiditis: Yet another trigger?[J]. BMJ Case Rep, 2012, 2012: bcr1220115441. DOI: 10.1136/bcr.12.2011.5441.
[25]	MARTÍNEZ-ARTOLA Y, PONCINO D, GARCÍA ML, et al. Acute hepatitis E virus infection and association with a subacute thyroiditis[J]. Ann Hepatol, 2015, 14( 1): 141- 142.
[26]	LEAF RK, O'BRIEN KL, LEAF DE, et al. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a young man with acute hepatitis E infection[J]. Am J Hematol, 2017, 92( 5): E77- E79. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24699.
[27]	THAPA R, GHOSH A. Childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia following hepatitis E virus infection[J]. J Paediatr Child Health, 2009, 45( 1-2): 71- 72. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2008.01422.x.
[28]	WANG LJ, JIANG YY, WANG P, et al. 3 cases of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia caused by acute hepatitis E[J]. Chin J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2013, 22( 10): 1046- 1050. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5709.2013.10.031. 王丽佳, 江宇泳, 王鹏, 等. 戊型病毒性肝炎相关性再生障碍性贫血3例及文献复习[J]. 胃肠病学和肝病学杂志, 2013, 22( 10): 1046- 1050. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5709.2013.10.031.
[29]	CAPPELLINI MD, FIORELLI G. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. Lancet, 2008, 371( 9606): 64- 74. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60073-2.
[30]	MOIZ B, ALI SA. Fulminant hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. Clin Case Rep, 2017, 6( 1): 224- 225. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1290.
[31]	SHARMA D, SINGH O, JUNEJA D, et al. Hepatitis A virus-induced severe hemolysis complicated by severe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. Indian J Crit Care Med, 2018, 22( 9): 670- 673. DOI: 10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_260_18.
[32]	NIU XW. Investigation of risk factors of Hepatitis E-induced hemolytic anemia[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2013, 40( 6): 1026- 1028. 牛心文. 戊型肝炎发生溶血性贫血的危险因素调查[J]. 现代预防医学, 2013, 40( 6): 1026- 1028.
[33]	AHMAD BS, AHMAD A, JAMIL S, et al. Severe haemolysis and renal failure precipitated by hepatitis E virus in G6PD Deficient patient: A case report[J]. J Pak Med Assoc, 2018, 68( 9): 1397- 1399.
[34]	LI PP, ZHANG YR, CHEN L, et al. A report and literature review of 2 cases of acute viral hepatitis E with glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency[J]. China Trop Med, 2021, 21( 11): 1110- 1113. DOI: 10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2021.11.19. 李盼盼, 张艳茹, 陈丽, 等. 急性戊型病毒性肝炎合并葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏2例分析并文献复习[J]. 中国热带医学, 2021, 21( 11): 1110- 1113. DOI: 10.13604/j.cnki.46-1064/r.2021.11.19.
[35]	AU WY, NGAI CW, CHAN WM, et al. Hemolysis and methemoglobinemia due to hepatitis E virus infection in patient with G6PD deficiency[J]. Ann Hematol, 2011, 90( 10): 1237- 1238. DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1167-6.
[36]	CHECCONI P, DE ANGELIS M, MARCOCCI ME, et al. Redox-modulating agents in the treatment of viral infections[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21( 11): 4084. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114084.
[37]	WU YH, TSENG CP, CHENG ML, et al. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency enhances human coronavirus 229E infection[J]. J Infect Dis, 2008, 197( 6): 812- 816. DOI: 10.1086/528377.
[38]	BUINITSKAYA Y, GURINOVICH R, WLODAVER CG, et al. Centrality of G6PD in COVID-19: The biochemical rationale and clinical implications[J]. Front Med, 2020, 7: 584112. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.584112.
[39]	HO HY, CHENG ML, WENG SF, et al. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency enhances enterovirus 71 infection[J]. J Gen Virol, 2008, 89( Pt 9): 2080- 2089. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.2008/001404-0.
[40]	AMATORE D, SGARBANTI R, AQUILANO K, et al. Influenza virus replication in lung epithelial cells depends on redox-sensitive pathways activated by NOX4-derived ROS[J]. Cell Microbiol, 2015, 17( 1): 131- 145. DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12343.
[41]	CAI JY, CHEN Y, SETH S, et al. Inhibition of influenza infection by glutathione[J]. Free Radic Biol Med, 2003, 34( 7): 928- 936. DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(03)00023-6.
[42]	National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia(2022 edition)[J]. Clin Educ Gen Pract, 2022, 20( 5): 388- 390. DOI: 10.13558/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2022.005.002. 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 自身免疫性溶血性贫血诊疗指南(2022年版)[J]. 全科医学临床与教育, 2022, 20( 5): 388- 390. DOI: 10.13558/j.cnki.issn1672-3686.2022.005.002.
[43]	IKRAM N, HASSAN K, TUFAIL S. Hepatitis associated autoimmune haemolytic anaemia[J]. Int J Pathol, 2004, 2( 1): 44- 46.
[44]	KIM HS, JEONG SH, JANG JH, et al. Coinfection of hepatitis A virus genotype IA and IIIA complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, prolonged cholestasis, and false-positive immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis E virus: A case report[J]. Korean J Hepatol, 2011, 17( 4): 323- 327. DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.4.323.
[45]	SUBHASHCHANDRA BJ, PRASAD MC, ASHOK P. Unusual presentation of hepatitis E with autoimmune hemolytic Anemia: A case report[J]. Am J Med, 2020, 133( 10): 1154- 1155. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.12.054.
[46]	BIANCO C, COLUCCIO E, PRATI D, et al. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in patients with liver and bowel disorders[J]. J Clin Med, 2021, 10( 3): 423. DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030423.
[47]	CENGIZ C, TURHAN N, YOLCU OF, et al. Hepatitis associated with aplastic anemia: Do CD8(+) kupffer cells have a role in the pathogenesis?[J]. Dig Dis Sci, 2007, 52( 9): 2438- 2443. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-006-9280-4.
[48]	HAGLER L, PASTORE RA, BERGIN JJ, et al. Aplastic anemia following viral hepatitis: Report of two fatal cases and literature review[J]. Medicine, 1975, 54( 2): 139- 164.
[49]	YOU YH, MENG XB, LI XX, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with hepatitis-associated aplastic Anemia[J]. J Exp Hematol, 2017, 25( 4): 1130- 1135. DOI: 10.7534/j.issn.1009-2137.2017.04.030. 尤亚红, 孟宪彬, 李星鑫, 等. 肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血患者长期随访研究[J]. 中国实验血液学杂志, 2017, 25( 4): 1130- 1135. DOI: 10.7534/j.issn.1009-2137.2017.04.030.
[50]	ALSHAIBANI A, DUFOUR C, RISITANO A, et al. Hepatitis-associated aplastic Anemia[J]. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther, 2022, 15( 2): 8- 12. DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.10.001.
[51]	HAO KY, YU YC, GAO L, et al. Hepatitis E-associated pure red cell aplasia: a report of one case[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2015, 31( 7): 1126- 1127. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2015.07.031. 郝坤艳, 于乐成, 高蕾, 等. 戊型肝炎相关性单纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血1例报告[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2015, 31( 7): 1126- 1127. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2015.07.031.
[52]	BARRAEVICH MR, AVAZKHONOVNA SG. Clinical cases of hepatitis-associated aplastic Anemia[J]. Am J Med Sci Pharm Res, 2021, 3( 4): 195- 199. DOI: 10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue04-28.
[53]	KAGAN WA, ASCENSÃO JA, PAHWA RN, et al. Aplastic anemia: Presence in human bone marrow of cells that suppress myelopoiesis[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1976, 73( 8): 2890- 2894. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.8.2890.
[54]	MCSWEENEY PA, CARTER JM, GREEN GJ, et al. Fatal aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis B viral infection[J]. Am J Med, 1988, 85( 2): 255- 256. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(88)80356-5.
[55]	STANISLAS P. Is hepatitis C virus involved in hepatitis-associated aplastic Anemia?[J]. Ann Intern Med, 1990, 113( 6): 435. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-113-6-435.
[56]	GUO XZ, TAN GX, YANG LJ, et al. The study on the relativity between hepatitis virus C orE(HCV, HEV) and the occurrance by applying RT/PCR technology to aplastic anemia[J]. Chin J Pathophysiol, 1999, 15( 3): 268- 270. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-4718.1999.03.022. 郭秀枝, 谭广销, 杨力建, 等. 再生障碍性贫血与丙型和戊型肝炎病毒相关性的研究[J]. 中国病理生理杂志, 1999, 15( 3): 268- 270. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-4718.1999.03.022.
[57]	DENG W, XI YM, CAO CQ. Clinical analysis of 8 cases of hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia[J]. J South Med Univ, 2011, 31( 8): 1443- 1447. 邓伟, 席亚明, 曹长青. 肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血8例临床分析[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2011, 31( 8): 1443- 1447.
[58]	LI X, ZHAO XM, SHENG GY. Analysis of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia in 5 children[J]. J Clin Pediatr, 2017, 35( 4): 256- 258. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2017.04.004. 李向, 赵晓明, 盛光耀. 儿童肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血5例分析[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2017, 35( 4): 256- 258. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2017.04.004.
[59]	RAUFF B, IDREES M, SHAH SAR, et al. Hepatitis associated aplastic anemia: A review[J]. Virol J, 2011, 8: 87. DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-8-87.
[60]	WANG CF, LIU GW, JI AY. A case of severe aplastic anemia induced by acute hepatitis E combined with EB virus infection[J]. Chin Gen Pract, 2010, 13( 33): 3819. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2010.33.044. 王春芳, 刘光伟, 冀爱英. 急性戊型肝炎合并EB病毒感染诱发重度再生障碍性贫血一例[J]. 中国全科医学, 2010, 13( 33): 3819. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2010.33.044.
[61]	KISHORE J, SEN M. Parvovirus B19-induced thrombocytopenia and anemia in a child with fatal fulminant hepatic failure coinfected with hepatitis A and E viruses[J]. J Trop Pediatr, 2009, 55( 5): 335- 337. DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmp004.
[62]	WOOLSON KL, FORBES A, VINE L, et al. Extra-hepatic manifestations of autochthonous hepatitis E infection[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2014, 40( 11-12): 1282- 1291. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12986.
[63]	COLSON P, PAYRAUDEAU E, LEONNET C, et al. Severe thrombocytopenia associated with acute hepatitis E virus infection[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2008, 46( 7): 2450- 2452. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02295-07.
[64]	FOURQUET E, MANSUY JM, BUREAU C, et al. Severe thrombocytopenia associated with acute autochthonous hepatitis E[J]. J Clin Virol, 2010, 48( 1): 73- 74. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.02.016.
[65]	SINGH NK, GANGAPPA M. Acute immune thrombocytopenia associated with hepatitis E in an adult[J]. Am J Hematol, 2007, 82( 10): 942- 943. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20960.
[66]	THAPA R, MALLICK D, GHOSH A. Childhood hepatitis E infection complicated by acute immune thrombocytopenia[J]. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 2009, 31( 2): 151. DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e31818c00db.
[67]	ALI G, KUMAR M, BALI SK, et al. Heptitis E associated immune thrombocytopenia and membranous glomerulonephritis[J]. Indian J Nephrol, 2001, 11: 70- 72.
[68]	GONSALVES WI, RAJKUMAR SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2022, 175( 12): ITC177-ITC 192. DOI: 10.7326/AITC202212200.
[69]	BROWN LM, GRIDLEY G, CHECK D, et al. Risk of multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance among white and black male United States veterans with prior autoimmune, infectious, inflammatory, and allergic disorders[J]. Blood, 2008, 111( 7): 3388- 3394. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-10-121285.
[70]	AGRAWAL P, KUMAR V, KUMAR A, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance triggered by viral E hepatitis[J]. Indian J Nephrol, 2019, 29( 1): 50- 52. DOI: 10.4103/ijn.IJN_417_17.
[71]	Chinese Expert Alliance for Hemophagocytic Syndrome, Hematology Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. China expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome[J]. Natl Med J China, 2018, 98( 2): 91- 95. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.02.004. 噬血细胞综合征中国专家联盟, 中华医学会儿科学分会血液学组. 噬血细胞综合征诊治中国专家共识[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2018, 98( 2): 91- 95. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.02.004.
[72]	LIU JJ. A case of hepatitis E virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome[J]. Chin Hepatol, 2021, 26( 10): 1191- 1193. DOI: 10.14000/j.cnki.issn.1008-1704.2021.10.034. 刘俊杰. 戊型肝炎病毒相关性噬血细胞综合征1例[J]. 肝脏, 2021, 26( 10): 1191- 1193. DOI: 10.14000/j.cnki.issn.1008-1704.2021.10.034.
[73]	WANG KF, REN S, MA LN, et al. A case of acute hepatitis E complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome and literature review[J]. Beijing Med J, 2022, 44( 10): 939- 941. DOI: 10.15932/j.0253-9713.2022.10.016. 王克菲, 任珊, 马丽娜, 等. 急性戊型肝炎合并噬血细胞综合征一例并文献复习[J]. 北京医学, 2022, 44( 10): 939- 941. DOI: 10.15932/j.0253-9713.2022.10.016.
[74]	ZHU SX, DING QY, ZHAO LR, et al. Acute hepatitis E complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome: A case report[J]. Chin J Pract Intern Med, 2022, 42( 4): 347- 350. DOI: 10.19538/j.nk2022040118. 朱诗璇, 丁秋雅, 赵连荣, 等. 急性戊型肝炎合并噬血细胞综合征1例报告[J]. 中国实用内科杂志, 2022, 42( 4): 347- 350. DOI: 10.19538/j.nk2022040118.
[75]	MUYLDERMANS A, VAN DROOGENBROECK J, DESCHEEMAEKER P, et al. Hepatitis E virus-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis[J]. Acta Clin Belg, 2021, 76( 4): 314- 317. DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2020.1733179.
[76]	FLORES CHANG BS, ARIAS MORALES CE, FLORES CHANG MM, et al. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a young hispanic adult[J]. Cureus, 2021, 13( 2): e13084. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13084.
[77]	LENS S, MENSA L, GAMBATO M, et al. HEV infection in two referral centers in Spain: Epidemiology and clinical outcomes[J]. J Clin Virol, 2015, 63: 76- 80. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.12.017.
[78]	MALLET V, BRUNEAU J, ZUBER J, et al. Hepatitis E virus-induced primary cutaneous CD30(+) T cell lymphoproliferative disorder[J]. J Hepatol, 2017, 67( 6): 1334- 1339. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.08.011.