Hepatocellular cancer ( HCC) is characterized by insidious onset, difficult early diagnosis, and rapid progression, and less than 30% of patients have the chance of being surgically treated when diagnosed with this disease. Therefore, non- surgical treatment is the main treatment modality for advanced HCC. The roles of vascular interventional therapy, molecular targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and local ablation in the treatment of HCC are summarized. Although we have reached the agreement that comprehensive treatment is the best way for HCC, consensus has not been reached on the roles and order of these non- surgical therapies in comprehensive treatment. More clinical studies are needed to provide a better choice of treatment for patients with advanced HCC.
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