Progress in the prevention and treatment of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatitis B virus ( HBV) -related hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) accounts for 63. 9% of all HCC cases in mainland China.HBV leads to the development or recurrence of HCC in a direct or indirect way. Theoretically, anti-HBV therapy can reduce or delay the development of HCC. There has been convincing evidence that nucleos ( t) ide analogues ( NAs) can reduce the development of HCC, and recent studies showed that pegylated interferon ( PEG-IFN) is superior to NAs in secondary prevention; data showed that NAs are effective in reducing the cumulative recurrence rate of HCC after curative surgery, and the application of IFN can extend the overall survival of patients. Secondary/tertiary prevention of HBV-related HCC should focus on the following two points: ( 1) pay attention to the rational use of IFN/PEG-IFN in patients with chronic hepatitis B; ( 2) take HBV DNA < 20 IU/ml and HBs Ag < 1000 IU/ml as the long-term targets of control. In the antiviral era, two types of antiviral drugs should be applied individually to minimize the incidence and recurrence of HCC.