The therapeutic methods for portal hypertension have been greatly developed,including surgical operation,endoscopic injection of sclerosing agents,endoscopic variceal ligation,tissue adhesive embolization,and radioactive intervention,and have significantly reduced the fatality of portal hypertension. Focusing on the risk assessment and individualized management of portal hypertension,Baveno IV emphasizes patient stratification and individualized treatment. Based on Baveno IV consensus,this article briefly introduces hepatic venous pressure gradient and liver function reserve,as well as the application of characteristic parameters such as“gastro- renal shunt”in the development and prevention of variceal bleeding.
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