The expression and significance of p16 and cyclin D1 in gallbladder carcinoma

Objective To investigate the effect of p16 and cyclin D1 protein expressions and to evaluate their significance on the carcinogenesis, development and prognosis of the gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and utilize tissue chip analysis on a large scale.Methods The tissue chip technique was done on 40 cases of GBC of which 24 cases were benign lesions and 16 cases were of cancer-adjacent tissues.The expressions of p16 and cyclin D1 in the tissue chip were detected by S-P immunohistochemical methods.Results The positivity rate of p16 and cyclin D1 expression in GBC tissues were 40.0%and 57.5%, respectively.These findings were significantly different from those in the benign lesions (75.0%, 29.25%) and cancer-adjacent (93.8%, 12.5%) tissues (P﹤0.005) .The low expression of p16 and the over-expression of cyclin D1 were also correlated closely with the differentiation degree (P﹤0.025, P﹤0.01) , invasion depth (P﹤0.01, P﹤0.025) , lymph node metastasis (P﹤0.01, P﹤0.01) and the five-year survival rate (P﹤0.025, P﹤0.05) of GBC patients.The p16 expression was negatively correlated with the cyclin D1 expression (r=-0.54) in GBC.Conclusion Abnormal expression of p16 and cyclin D1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of GBC.The expression of p16 and cyclin D1 could be used as an indicator in the prognosis of GBC.It is feasible to utilize tissue chip for a rapid, economic and accurate screening of clinical tissue specimens on a large scale.