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丙型肝炎病毒感染的检测

杨瑞锋 魏来

引用本文:
Citation:

丙型肝炎病毒感染的检测

详细信息
  • 中图分类号: R512.63

Detection of hepatitis C virus infection

  • 摘要:

    丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染的检测包括血清学检测和核酸检测(NAT),前者包括HCV抗体(抗-HCV)、核心抗原检测,后者包括定性/定量RNA检测和基因型/亚型检测。抗-HCV检测是应用最广的HCV感染筛查试验,操作简便、耗时短、成本低,但其缺点是窗口期较长,不能判别是活动性感染还是病毒已被清除,不适用于免疫缺陷人群。HCV RNA是病毒感染的直接证据,既往定性RNA检测灵敏度较高,但随着实时定量PCR技术的成熟,定量检测灵敏度不断提高,线性范围不断拓宽,适用于临床抗病毒治疗应答的监测,也正逐步取代定性检测用于血液制品的筛查。近年HCV抗原检测和抗原抗体联合检测试剂盒已用于HCV感染的筛查及治疗监测,但其灵敏度尚不及NAT。目前主流的HCV基因分型试剂检测基因型有较高的符合率,而检测亚型的结果存在较大差异,需要方法学上的改进。

     

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  • 出版日期:  2011-01-20
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