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初治HIV感染者接受拉米夫定/依非韦伦/替诺福韦治疗后的代谢相关指标变化及新发代谢相关脂肪性肝病风险评估

朱顶 李瑞雪 柯亨宁

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初治HIV感染者接受拉米夫定/依非韦伦/替诺福韦治疗后的代谢相关指标变化及新发代谢相关脂肪性肝病风险评估

DOI: 10.12449/JCH251115
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (81572902)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2023年11月29日经由武汉大学中南医院伦理委员会审批,批号:临研伦2023266K,所纳入患者均签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:朱顶负责文章的构思和设计,数据统计学分析,查阅文献,撰写论文,修订论文;朱顶、李瑞雪负责收集资料;柯亨宁负责指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    柯亨宁, kehengning@znhospital.cn (ORCID: 0000-0003-1185-5402)

Changes in metabolic markers and the risk of new-onset metabolic associated fatty liver disease in previously untreated patients with HIV infection after lamivudine/efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81572902)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探索代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)对HIV感染者代谢相关指标等造成的影响,并评估初治HIV感染者新发MAFLD的风险。  方法  纳入2020年4月—2021年12月于武汉大学中南医院门诊就诊,应用拉米夫定/依非韦伦/替诺福韦(3TC/EFV/TDF)方案治疗且随访时间超过36个月的HIV感染者161例,根据是否合并MAFLD分为脂肪肝组(n=42)与非脂肪肝组(n=119),对两组患者治疗前后的代谢相关指标进行比较与分析。正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验,组内治疗前后比较采用配对t检验。非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,组内治疗前后比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。通过肝脂肪变性指数(HSI)和浙江大学指数(ZJU指数)评估接受抗逆转录病毒治疗后新发MAFLD的风险。  结果  与治疗前相比,接受36个月3TC/EFV/TDF治疗后,脂肪肝组患者身体质量指数[24.8(23.2~25.9) kg/m2 vs 25.3(22.8~27.7) kg/m2Z=-2.540,P=0.011]、总胆固醇[(4.0±0.6) mmol/L vs (4.3±0.6) mmol/L,t=-2.388,P=0.022]、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[0.9(0.8~1.1) mmol/L vs 1.1(0.9~1.2) mmol/L,Z=-2.858,P=0.004]明显增加,而血尿酸[(462.1±101.6) μmol/L vs (383.3±85.2) μmol/L,t=4.361,P<0.001]明显下降。在接受3TC/EFV/TDF治疗后,脂肪肝组与非脂肪肝组患者比较,仅身体质量指数差异有统计学意义[25.3(22.8~27.7) kg/m2 vs 21.6(19.9~23.4) kg/m2Z=-5.462,P<0.001],而血尿酸、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、脂蛋白a、CD4+细胞计数差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。此外,非脂肪肝组患者接受治疗后,HSI及ZJU指数分析结果显示,MAFLD高危人群占比较治疗前明显增加(χ2值分别为10.829、5.658,P值分别为0.001、0.017)。  结论  接受36个月3TC/EFV/TDF治疗后,合并MAFLD的HIV感染者血脂水平增加,未合并MAFLD的HIV感染者新发MAFLD的风险增高。

     

  • 表  1  两组患者治疗前一般资料比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of general data between the two groups of patients before treatment

    项目 脂肪肝组(n=42) 非脂肪肝组(n=119) 统计值 P
    男[例(%)] 41(97.6) 110(92.4) χ2=1.431 0.232
    年龄[例(%)] χ2=0.223 0.895
    18~40岁 31(73.8) 90(75.6)
    41~60岁 9(21.4) 22(18.5)
    >60岁 2(4.8) 7(5.9)
    HIV感染途径[例(%)] χ2=3.616 0.306
    同性性行为 32(76.2) 91(76.5)
    异性传播 8(19.0) 27(22.7)
    静脉吸毒 1(2.4) 0(0.0)
    未知 1(2.4) 1(0.8)
    心血管疾病危险因素[例(%)]
    吸烟史 13(31.0) 42(35.3) χ2=0.260 0.610
    高血压 5(11.9) 5(4.2) χ2=3.162 0.075
    糖尿病 1(2.4) 3(2.5) χ2=0.003 0.960
    HBsAg阳性[例(%)] 2(4.8) 9(7.6) χ2=0.383 0.536
    BMI(kg/m2 24.8(23.2~25.9) 20.6(19.4~22.3) Z=-7.580 <0.001
    血尿酸(μmol/L) 462.1±101.6 394.0±104.6 t=3.651 <0.001
    TC(mmol/L) 4.0±0.6 3.7±0.8 t=2.033 0.044
    TG(mmol/L) 1.4(0.8~2.0) 1.0(0.7~1.3) Z=-3.215 0.001
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 0.9(0.8~1.1) 1.0(0.8~1.1) Z=-0.027 0.978
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.4±0.5 2.3±0.7 t=1.034 0.303
    Lp(a)(mg/L) 70.0(39.6~158.0) 68.8(46.7~147.3) Z=-0.493 0.622
    CD4+(cells/mm3 318(228~464) 267(152~390) Z=-1.551 0.121
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  两组患者治疗前后代谢指标的比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of metabolic indexes before and after treatment in two groups of patients

    指标 脂肪肝组(n=42) 非脂肪肝组(n=119)
    BMI(kg/m2
    基线 24.8(23.2~25.9) 20.7±1.9
    治疗36个月 25.3(22.8~27.7) 21.8±2.5
    统计值 Z=-2.540 t=-6.837
    P 0.011 <0.001
    血尿酸(μmol/L)
    基线 462.1±101.6 394.0±104.6
    治疗36个月 383.3±85.2 357.4±90.5
    统计值 t=4.361 t=3.315
    P <0.001 0.001
    TC(mmol/L)
    基线 4.0±0.6 3.7±0.8
    治疗36个月 4.3±0.6 4.2±0.8
    统计值 t=-2.388 t=-7.218
    P 0.022 <0.001
    TG(mmol/L)
    基线 1.4(0.8~2.0) 1.1±0.4
    治疗36个月 1.4(0.9~2.0) 1.3±0.7
    统计值 Z=-0.544 t=-3.366
    P 0.586 0.001
    HDL-C(mmol/L)
    基线 0.9(0.8~1.1) 1.0(0.8~1.1)
    治疗36个月 1.1(0.9~1.2) 1.1(1.0~1.3)
    统计值 Z=-2.858 Z=-5.832
    P 0.004 <0.001
    LDL-C(mmol/L)
    基线 2.4±0.5 2.3±0.7
    治疗36个月 2.4±0.5 2.4±0.7
    统计值 t=-0.111 t=-1.098
    P 0.912 0.274
    Lp(a)(mg/L)
    基线 70.0(39.6~158.0) 68.8(46.7~147.3)
    治疗36个月 62.6(32.4~149.6) 53.4(39.0~117.5)
    统计值 Z=-0.219 Z=-1.719
    P 0.827 0.086
    CD4+(cells/mm3
    基线 318(228~464) 286±189
    治疗36个月 510(339~724) 473±229
    统计值 Z=-5.008 t=-10.543
    P <0.001 <0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  高尿酸HIV感染者接受抗逆转录病毒治疗后血尿酸水平的变化

    Table  3.   Changes of serum uric acid in HIV-infected with hyperuricemia after receiving antiretroviral therapy

    指标 脂肪肝组(n=28) 非脂肪肝组(n=47)
    血尿酸(μmol/L)
    基线 490.7(433.5~532.6) 463.7(436.3~499.8)
    治疗36个月 377.4(319.2~432.3) 377.1(322.6~450.6)
    Z -4.299 -5.191
    P <0.001 <0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  两组接受治疗前后高尿酸患者比例的变化

    Table  4.   Changes in the proportion of patients with high uric acid before and after treatment in the two groups

    项目 例数 基线 治疗36个月 χ2 P
    脂肪肝组[例(%)] 42 9.333 0.002
    血尿酸>420.0 μmol/L 28(66.7) 14(33.3)
    血尿酸≤420.0 μmol/L 14(33.3) 28(66.7)
    非脂肪肝组[例(%)] 119 7.844 0.005
    血尿酸>420.0 μmol/L 47(39.5) 27(22.7)
    血尿酸≤420.0 μmol/L 72(60.5) 92(77.3)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  非脂肪肝组患者接受36个月3TC/EFV/TDF治疗后新发MAFLD的风险

    Table  5.   Risk of new-onset nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after 36 months of 3TC/EFV/TDF treatment in non-MAFLD patients

    项目 基线 治疗36个月 统计值 P
    HSI 27.95(25.47~30.38) 30.08(27.84~33.96) Z=-4.667 <0.001
    HSI分类[例(%)] χ2=10.829 0.001
    ≤36 115(96.6) 100(84.0)
    >36 4(3.4) 19(16.0)
    ZJU指数 30.35(28.78~32.85) 31.31(29.50~33.92) Z=-9.467 <0.001
    ZJU指数分类[例(%)] χ2=5.658 0.017
    <38 118(99.2) 111(93.3)
    ≥38 1(0.8) 8(6.7)
    下载: 导出CSV
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