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99例HBV相关原发性肝癌初治患者的临床特征及中医证候分析

田涛 孙克伟 王熊 刘心如 曾维涛 袁维

引用本文:
Citation:

99例HBV相关原发性肝癌初治患者的临床特征及中医证候分析

DOI: 10.12449/JCH251121
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (81904182);

长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划 (kq2209020);

湖南中医药大学优秀青年项目 (2022XJB006);

湖南中医药大学研究生创新课题项目 (2024CX113)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2023年11月15日经由湖南中医药大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批,批号:HN-LL-SZR-2023-043。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:田涛负责文章撰写及数据分析;王熊负责数据收集;曾维涛、刘心如负责数据整理;袁维、孙克伟负责文章结构设计、指导文章撰写、修改并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    袁维, 609765439@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-8278-5160)

Clinical features and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome distribution of treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B virus-related primary liver cancer: An analysis of 99 cases

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81904182);

Training Program for Excellent Young Innovators of Changsha (kq2209020);

Excellent Youth Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (2022XJB006);

Graduate Student Innovation Research Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (2024CX113)

More Information
    Corresponding author: YUAN Wei, 609765439@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-8278-5160)
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨HBV相关原发性肝癌(HBV-PLC)初治患者的临床特征及中医证候分布规律,为中西医结合防治HBV-PLC提供依据。  方法  回顾性分析2019年1月—2024年12月湖南中医药大学第一附属医院肝病科/感染性疾病科收治的99例HBV-PLC初治患者的临床资料。根据患者是否规范抗病毒治疗(规范抗病毒治疗时间≥3年),将其分为抗病毒组和未抗病毒组;根据HBeAg状态分为HBeAg阳性组和HBeAg阴性组。收集患者的人口学特征、实验室检查结果、影像学资料及中医证候资料,计算中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、Child-Pugh评分、CNLC分期。符合正态分布的计量资料2组间比较使用独立样本t检验;计数资料组间比较使用χ2检验。  结果  99例HBV-PLC初治患者的平均年龄为(57.12±11.60)岁,72.7%的患者年龄集中于50~75岁,男女比例为5.2∶1。肝硬化患者占81.8%,67.7%的患者既往未行抗病毒治疗;HBV DNA阳性率为80.8%,HBeAg阳性率为18.2%,AFP阳性占比69.7%,Child-Pugh分级为A/B级的患者占89.9%。抗病毒组患者的肿瘤最大直径为(t=2.310,P=0.024)、HBV DNA阳性率(χ2=14.006,P<0.001)及并发癌栓数目(χ2=7.347,P=0.007)均显著低于未抗病毒组。HBeAg阴性组与HBeAg阳性组患者比较,Child-Pugh 分级(χ2=6.780,P=0.034)及CNLC分期(χ2=8.746,P=0.033)差异均有统计学意义。99例HBV-PLC初治患者的中医证型以肝郁脾虚兼血瘀证(41.4%)、气虚血瘀证(22.2%)、湿热蕴结兼血瘀证(19.2%)为主。  结论  HBV-PLC初治患者以中老年男性为主,多合并肝硬化。规范抗病毒治疗可显著改善肿瘤负荷和病毒学应答,HBeAg阴性者肝功能代偿状态更佳,低蛋白血症多见于气虚血瘀证患者。

     

  • 表  1  99例HBV-PLC患者的基本资料

    Table  1.   Basic information of 99 HBV-PLC patients

    项目 数值
    年龄(岁) 57.12±11.60
    男[例(%)] 83(83.8)
    饮酒[例(%)] 27(27.3)
    糖尿病[例(%)] 10(10.1)
    肝癌家族史[例(%)] 15(15.2)
    肝硬化[例(%)] 81(81.8)
    抗病毒治疗[例(%)] 32(32.3)
    HBV DNA阳性[例(%)] 80(80.8)
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 18(18.2)
    PLT<100×109/L[例(%)] 44(44.4)
    TBil>20 μmol/L[例(%)] 58(58.6)
    Alb<35 g/L[例(%)] 41(41.4)
    ALT>33 IU/L[例(%)] 61(61.6)
    AST>32 IU/L[例(%)] 82(82.8)
    NLR>3.0[例(%)] 61(61.6)
    AFP阳性[例(%)] 69(69.7)
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)]
    A级 42(42.4)
    B级 47(47.5)
    C级 10(10.1)
    CNLC分期[例(%)]
    Ⅰ期 25(25.3)
    Ⅱ期 26(26.3)
    Ⅲ期 38(38.4)
    Ⅳ期 10(10.0)
    肿瘤数目≥3个[例(%)] 36(36.4)
    并发癌栓[例(%)] 34(34.3)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  抗病毒组与未抗病毒组患者疾病特征对比

    Table  2.   Comparison of disease characteristics between the antiviral therapy group and the non-antiviral therapy group

    项目 抗病毒组(n=32) 未抗病毒组(n=67) 统计值 P
    肝硬化[例(%)] 30(93.8) 51(76.1) χ2=4.525 0.033
    HBV DNA阳性[例(%)] 19(59.4) 61(91.0) χ2=14.006 <0.001
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 4(12.5) 14(20.9) χ2=0.860 0.354
    PLT<100×109/L[例(%)] 17(53.1) 27(40.3) χ2=2.388 0.123
    TBil>20 μmol/L[例(%)] 20(62.5) 38(56.7) χ2=0.299 0.585
    Alb<35 g/L[例(%)] 14(43.8) 27(40.3) χ2=0.139 0.709
    ALT>33 IU/L[例(%)] 21(65.6) 40(59.7) χ2=0.141 0.708
    AST>32 IU/L[例(%)] 25(78.1) 57(85.1) χ2=0.783 0.376
    NLR>3.0[例(%)] 21(65.6) 40(59.7) χ2=0.344 0.563
    AFP阳性[例(%)] 21(65.6) 48(71.6) χ2=0.001 0.985
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=2.408 0.300
    A级 11(34.4) 30(44.8)
    B级 19(59.4) 29(43.3)
    C级 2(6.3) 8(11.9)
    CNLC分期[例(%)] χ2=3.148 0.369
    Ⅰ期 7(21.9) 18(26.9)
    Ⅱ期 12(37.5) 14(20.9)
    Ⅲ期 10(31.2) 28(41.8)
    Ⅳ期 3(9.4) 7(10.4)
    并发癌栓[例(%)] 5(15.6) 29(43.3) χ2=7.347 0.007
    肿块数目≥3个[例(%)] 8(25.0) 28(41.8) χ2=2.639 0.104
    最大肿瘤直径(mm) 53.57±36.50 72.18±39.61 t=2.310 0.024
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  HBeAg阳性组和HBeAg阴性组患者疾病特征对比

    Table  3.   Comparison of disease characteristics between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patient groups

    项目 HBeAg阳性组(n=18) HBeAg阴性组(n=81) 统计值 P
    肝硬化[例(%)] 17(94.4) 64(79.0) χ2=2.352 0.125
    HBV DNA阳性[例(%)] 13(72.2) 67(82.7) χ2=1.053 0.305
    PLT<100×109/L[例(%)] 8(44.4) 36(44.4) χ2=0.000 >0.05
    TBil>20 μmol/L[例(%)] 14(77.8) 44(54.3) χ2=3.340 0.068
    Alb<35 g/L [例(%)] 10(55.6) 31(38.3) χ2=1.820 0.177
    ALT>33 IU/L[例(%)] 11(61.1) 50(61.7) χ2=0.002 0.960
    AST>32 IU/L[例(%)] 16(88.9) 66(81.5) χ2=0.567 0.451
    NLR>3.0[例(%)] 11(61.1) 50(61.7) χ2=0.344 0.563
    AFP阳性[例(%)] 14(77.8) 55(67.9) χ2=0.676 0.411
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=6.780 0.034
    A级 4(22.2) 37(45.7)
    B级 10(55.6) 38(46.9)
    C级 4(22.2) 6(7.4)
    CNLC分期[例(%)] χ2=8.746 0.033
    Ⅰ期 2(11.1) 23(28.4)
    Ⅱ期 4(22.2) 22(27.2)
    Ⅲ期 7(38.9) 31(38.3)
    Ⅳ期 5(27.8) 5(6.2)
    并发癌栓[例(%)] 6(33.3) 28(34.6) χ2=0.010 0.921
    肿块数目≥3个[例(%)] 4(22.2) 32(39.5) χ2=1.901 0.168
    最大肿瘤直径(mm) 73.50±51.66 64.09±36.11 t=0.735 0.470
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同组间中医证型对比

    Table  4.   Comparison of TCM syndrome patterns between different groups

    中医证型 抗病毒分组 HBeAg状态
    抗病毒组(n=32) 未抗病毒组(n=67) HBeAg阳性组(n=18) HBeAg阴性组(n=81)
    肝郁脾虚兼血瘀证[例(%)] 16(50.0) 25(37.3) 5(27.8) 36(44.4)
    气虚血瘀证[例(%)] 7(21.9) 15(22.4) 6(33.3) 16(19.8)
    湿热蕴结兼血瘀证[例(%)] 5(15.6) 14(20.9) 3(16.7) 16(19.8)
    肝肾阴虚证[例(%)] 3(9.4) 10(14.9) 2(11.1) 11(13.6)
    气滞血瘀证[例(%)] 1(3.1) 3(4.5) 2(11.1) 2(2.4)
    χ2 1.759 5.091
    P 0.780 0.278
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  中医证型与临床相关指标的关联性分析

    Table  5.   Correlation analysis between TCM syndrome patterns and clinical indicators

    项目 肝郁脾虚兼血瘀证
    n=41)
    气虚血瘀证
    n=22)
    湿热蕴结兼血瘀证
    n=19)
    肝肾阴虚证
    n=13)
    气滞血瘀
    证(n=4)
    χ2 P
    ALT阳性[例(%)] 23(56.1) 17(77.3) 11(57.9) 8 (61.5) 2 (50.0) 3.148 0.533
    AST阳性[例(%)] 36(87.8) 19(86.4) 15(78.9) 9 (69.2) 3 (75.0) 2.971 0.563
    AFP阳性[例(%)] 29(70.7) 16(72.7) 13(68.4) 8 (61.5) 3 (75.0) 3.677 0.451
    PLT<100×10⁹/L[例(%)] 19(46.3) 11(50.0) 7 (36.8) 5 (38.5) 2 (50.0) 1.018 0.907
    Alb<35 g/L[例(%)] 16(39.0) 15(68.2) 5 (26.3) 5 (38.5) 0 (0.0) 11.253 0.024
    NLR>3.0[例(%)] 27(65.9) 15(68.2) 10(52.6) 7 (53.8) 2 (50.0) 1.921 0.750
    TBil>20 μmol/L[例(%)] 23(56.1) 11(50.0) 16(84.2) 7 (53.8) 1 (25.0) 7.895 0.096
    肝硬化[例(%)] 38(92.7) 17(77.3) 15(78.9) 8 (61.5) 3 (75.0) 7.383 0.117
    CNLC分期[例(%)] 12.220 0.428
    Ⅰ期 12(29.3) 5 (22.7) 5 (26.3) 2 (15.4) 1 (25.0)
    Ⅱ期 13(31.7) 4 (18.2) 7 (36.8) 2 (15.4) 0 (0.0)
    Ⅲ期 15(36.6) 9 (40.9) 6 (31.6) 6 (46.2) 2 (50.0)
    Ⅳ期 1 (2.4) 4 (18.2) 1 (5.3) 3 (23.1) 1 (25.0)
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] 12.598 0.126
    A级 22(53.7) 8 (36.4) 6 (31.6) 5 (38.5) 1 (25.0)
    B级 18(43.9) 11(50.0) 11(57.9) 6 (46.2) 1 (25.0)
    C级 1 (2.4) 3 (13.6) 2 (10.5) 2 (15.4) 2 (50.0)
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-04-09
  • 录用日期:  2025-07-28
  • 出版日期:  2025-11-25
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