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免疫球蛋白G与免疫球蛋白M比值对经导管动脉栓塞化疗联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1抑制剂治疗的初始不可切除肝细胞癌患者预后的预测价值

李星志 罗薇 冯渊 蔡宇 刘小红 吴飞翔 彭勇

引用本文:
Citation:

免疫球蛋白G与免疫球蛋白M比值对经导管动脉栓塞化疗联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1抑制剂治疗的初始不可切除肝细胞癌患者预后的预测价值

DOI: 10.12449/JCH260114
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (82360537);

四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心重点项目 (SWFZ24-Z-02)

利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:李星志负责课题设计,资料分析,撰写论文;李星志、罗薇参与收集数据;冯渊、蔡宇和刘小红参与修改论文;吴飞翔、彭勇负责拟定写作思路,指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    彭勇, 13508081615@163.com (ORCID: 0009-0008-4213-6674)

Value of immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin M ratio in predicting the prognosis of patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor and programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (82360537);

Key project of Sichuan Primary Health Care Development Research Center (SWFZ24-Z-02)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨初始不可切除的肝细胞癌(iuHCC)患者接受经导管动脉栓塞化疗联合酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1抑制剂三联治疗(TTP)时,免疫球蛋白G与免疫球蛋白M比值(IgG/IgM)与患者预后的关系。  方法  回顾性收集并分析2019年11月—2022年12月于广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院肝胆外科连续接受TTP三联治疗的151例iuHCC患者的临床资料。根据IgG/IgM的水平将患者分为高(IgG/IgM>13.23)、低(IgG/IgM≤13.23)两组。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。使用Kaplan-Meier法和Log-rank检验进行生存分析,采用Cox比例风险模型分析总生存期(OS)的潜在影响因素。  结果  151例患者的中位OS为26.7个月[95%置信区间(CI):19.8~未达到],中位无进展生存期(PFS)为12.5个月(95%CI:10.4~15.8)。客观缓解率为83.4%,疾病控制率为94.0%。高IgG/IgM组与低IgG/IgM组患者的基线资料差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。高IgG/IgM组患者的中位OS为20.6个月,而低IgG/IgM组患者的中位OS为未达到,差异有统计学意义(P=0.016)。高IgG/IgM组与低IgG/IgM组中,挽救性肝切除均与OS改善显著相关(χ2值分别为8.297、10.307,P值均<0.05)。多因素分析显示,高IgG/IgM[风险比(HR)=1.799,95%CI:1.077~3.006,P=0.025]、基线AFP>400 ng/mL(HR=1.762,95%CI:1.017~3.050,P=0.043)和巴塞罗那肝癌分期(HR=2.265,95%CI:1.212~4.232,P=0.010)是患者OS的独立影响因素。  结论  在接受TTP三联治疗的iuHCC患者中,高IgG/IgM与更差的预后相关,而挽救性肝切除对高IgG/IgM患者的预后改善具有潜在价值。

     

  • 注: IgG,免疫球蛋白G;IgM,免疫球蛋白M;HR,风险比;CI,置信区间。

    图  1  接受TTP三联治疗的不同IgG/IgM患者的生存曲线

    Figure  1.  Survival curves for patients with different IgG/IgM who received TTP triple therapy

    注: a,高IgG/IgM组;b,低IgG/IgM组。IgG,免疫球蛋白G;IgM,免疫球蛋白M;HR,风险比;CI,置信区间。

    图  2  在高IgG/IgM组及低IgG/IgM组中根据是否接受挽救性肝切除分组的OS生存曲线

    Figure  2.  Survival curves of OS in the high-IgG/IgM group and the low-IgG/IgM group based on salvage hepatectomy status

    表  1  接受TTP三联治疗的不可切除HCC患者的基线资料

    Table  1.   Baseline data for unresectable HCC patients treated with TTP triple therapy

    变量 总计(n=151) 高IgG/IgM组(n=75) 低IgG/IgM组(n=76) 统计值 P
    年龄[例(%)] χ2=1.210 0.271
    >60岁 27(17.9) 16(21.3) 11(14.5)
    ≤60岁 124(82.1) 59(78.7) 65(85.5)
    性别[例(%)] χ2=2.181 0.140
    133(88.1) 69(92.0) 64(84.2)
    18(11.9) 6(8.0) 12(15.8)
    BCLC分期[例(%)] χ2=0.086 0.769
    A/B期 48(31.8) 23(30.7) 25(32.9)
    C期 103(68.2) 52(69.3) 51(67.1)
    肿瘤直径[例(%)] χ2=1.576 0.209
    >10 cm 89(58.9) 48(64.0) 41(53.9)
    ≤10 cm 62(41.1) 27(36.0) 35(46.1)
    肿瘤数目[例(%)] χ2=3.723 0.054
    1个 60(39.7) 24(32.0) 36(47.4)
    ≥2个 91(60.3) 51(68.0) 40(52.6)
    大血管侵犯[例(%)] χ2=0.053 0.818
    98(64.9) 48(64.0) 50(65.8)
    53(35.1) 27(36.0) 26(34.2)
    肝外转移[例(%)] χ2=0.001 0.973
    22(14.6) 11(14.7) 11(14.5)
    129(85.4) 64(85.3) 65(85.5)
    AFP[例(%)] χ2=0.159 0.690
    >400 ng/mL 89(58.9) 43(57.3) 46(60.5)
    ≤400 ng/mL 62(41.1) 32(42.7) 30(39.5)
    乙型肝炎[例(%)] χ2=1.179 0.278
    135(89.4) 65(86.7) 70(92.1)
    16(10.6) 10(13.3) 6(7.9)
    ECOG PS[例(%)] χ2=0.833 0.361
    0分 85(56.3) 45(60.0) 40(52.6)
    1分 66(43.7) 30(40.0) 36(47.4)
    肝硬化[例(%)] χ2=0.055 0.815
    112(74.2) 55(73.3) 57(75.0)
    39(25.8) 20(26.7) 19(25.0)
    Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=2.461 0.117
    A级 126(83.4) 59(78.7) 67(88.2)
    B级 25(16.6) 16(21.3) 9(11.8)
    凝血酶原时间(s) 12.7±1.7 12.6±1.6 12.8±1.7 t=-0.617 0.538

    注:HCC,肝细胞癌;BCLC分期,巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期;AFP,甲胎蛋白;ECOG PS,东部肿瘤协作组功能状态评分;Child-Pugh分级,蔡尔德-皮尤分级;IgG,免疫球蛋白G;IgM,免疫球蛋白M。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  接受TTP三联治疗的不可切除HCC患者中OS的单因素分析

    Table  2.   Univariate analysis of influencing factors for OS in unresectable HCC patients treated with TTP triple therapy

    变量 HR(95%CI P
    年龄(>60岁vs ≤60岁) 0.998(0.520~1.914) 0.996
    性别(男vs女) 1.316(0.599~2.892) 0.494
    HBsAg阳性(是vs否) 0.872(0.397~1.916) 0.733
    靶肿瘤直径(>10 cm vs ≤10 cm) 1.625(0.956~2.765) 0.073
    肿瘤数目(多发vs单发) 1.656(0.974~2.816) 0.063
    门静脉癌栓(是vs否) 1.678(0.998~2.820) 0.051
    大血管侵犯(是vs否) 1.972(1.116~3.484) 0.019
    肝外转移(是vs否) 2.235(1.229~4.066) 0.008
    BCLC分期(C期vsA/B期) 2.355(1.276~4.345) 0.006
    AFP(>400 ng/mL vs ≤400 ng/mL) 1.805(1.053~3.094) 0.032
    PLR(>131.9 vs ≤131.9) 1.495(0.907~2.465) 0.115
    HBV DNA(≥20 IU/mL vs <20 IU/mL) 0.901(0.497~1.632) 0.731
    肝硬化(是vs否) 1.834(0.957~3.514) 0.068
    丙氨酸氨基转移酶(>40 U/L vs ≤40 U/L) 1.065(0.647~1.753) 0.804
    天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(>40 U/L vs ≤40 U/L) 1.343(0.662~2.722) 0.414
    白蛋白-胆红素分级(1级 vs 2/3级) 0.870(0.349~2.169) 0.765
    ECOG PS(0分 vs 1分) 1.295(0.777~2.159) 0.321
    Child-Pugh分级(A级vs B级) 2.388(1.338~4.260) 0.003
    CD4(>40% vs ≤40%) 0.939(0.573~1.539) 0.803
    CD8(>21.3% vs ≤21.3%) 1.390(0.845~2.290) 0.195
    IgG(>14.97 g/L vs ≤14.97 g/L) 1.282(0.779~2.108) 0.328
    IgM(>1.21 g/L vs ≤1.21 g/L) 0.950(0.578~1.559) 0.839
    CD8/CD4(>0.57 vs ≤0.57) 0.855(0.521~1.402) 0.534
    IgG/IgM(>13.23 vs ≤13.23) 1.837(1.111~3.038) 0.018

    注:HCC,肝细胞癌;OS,总生存期;HBsAg,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原;BCLC分期,巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期;AFP,甲胎蛋白;PLR,血小板与淋巴细胞比值;ECOG PS,东部肿瘤协作组功能状态评分;Child-Pugh分级,蔡尔德-皮尤分级;IgG,免疫球蛋白G;IgM,免疫球蛋白M;HR,风险比;CI,置信区间。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  接受TTP三联治疗的不可切除HCC患者中OS的多因素分析

    Table  3.   Multivariate analysis of influencing factors for OS in unresectable HCC patients treated with TTP triple therapy

    变量 HR(95%CI P
    模型1
    BCLC分期(C期 vs A/B期) 2.265(1.212~4.232) 0.010
    AFP(>400 ng/mL vs ≤400 ng/mL) 1.762(1.017~3.050) 0.043
    肝硬化(是 vs 否) 1.700(0.868~3.329) 0.122
    Child-Pugh分级(A级 vs B级) 1.428(0.765~2.667) 0.263
    IgG/IgM(>13.23 vs ≤13.23) 1.799(1.077~3.006) 0.025
    模型2
    靶肿瘤直径(>10 cm vs ≤10 cm) 1.372(0.792~2.378) 0.260
    肿瘤数目(多发 vs 单发) 1.402(0.796~2.469) 0.242
    大血管侵犯(是 vs 否) 1.959(1.089~3.521) 0.025
    肝外转移(是 vs 否) 1.606(0.842~3.062) 0.150
    AFP(>400 ng/mL vs ≤400 ng/mL) 1.564(0.895~2.731) 0.116
    肝硬化(是 vs 否) 1.783(0.895~3.553) 0.100
    Child-Pugh分级(A级 vs B级) 1.346(0.719~2.522) 0.353
    IgG/IgM(>13.23 vs ≤13.23) 1.705(1.017~2.856) 0.043

    注:HCC,肝细胞癌;OS,总生存期;BCLC,巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期;AFP,甲胎蛋白;Child-Pugh分级,蔡尔德-皮尤分级;IgG,免疫球蛋白G;IgM,免疫球蛋白M;HR,风险比;CI,置信区间。模型1未纳入靶肿瘤直径、肿瘤数目、大血管侵犯和肝外转移;模型2未纳入BCLC分期。

    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-08-22
  • 录用日期:  2025-10-15
  • 出版日期:  2026-01-25
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